Selenium Interview Questions for 5 years Experience

Yes, this can be done in Selenium. We can resize the browser window to a particular dimension using the setSize() method. We can customize the screen size by bypassing the desired width and height of the screen size in the parameters.

int width = 600;
int height = 400;
Dimension dimension = new Dimension(width, height);
driver.manage().window().setSize(dimension);
window.resizeTo() method and capability commands can also be used to achieve the same result. Use windows.resizeTo() method along with Javascript executor.
((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript("window.resizeTo(600,400);");

Usually, we hold down these keys and click other buttons to achieve any unique functionality. To hold on to these keys, we need to define two more methods apart from keys.ALT or keys.SHIFT or keys.CONTROL functions. To include more than one key to be pressed or released, we can pass ALT, SHIFT, and CONTROL as parameters together in the modifier key argument. 

Here is the syntax for the same:

Actions a = new Actions(driver) 
a.keyDown(Keys.ALT).keyDown(Keys.SHIFT) .keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).sendKeys('test') .build() .perform();

We can upload a file using the element.sendKeys (filepath) command. But before doing so, we need to use the HTML tag ‘input’ with the attribute type as a file. This helps Selenium identify the web element first and upload the file. 

In this case, we can use the frame index. Let us consider a webpage that has 4 frames, where none of them have a frame id or name. Upon inspection of the frames, we can find the zero-based index of each of the frames, regardless of the presence of a name or id. The first frame would be at index ‘0’, the second frame at index ‘1’, and so on. Once the frame has been selected, all the subsequent calls on the selected web driver interface will be made to that frame. 

 driver.switchTo().frame(2); 

Here, 2 is the index of the third frame.

In this case, we can use a command called fluent wait, which is an extension of the explicit wait command. With fluent wait, we can also set the frequency with which the condition is checked before throwing the elementNotVisible exception.

 Wait wait = new FluentWait<WebDriver>(driver)
.withTimeout(45, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.pollingevery(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);

While a timeout value is a time taken to wait for a condition, polling frequency is the frequency to check the success or failure of the condition.

Regexp is a keyword that can be prefixed to a text, to treat it as a regular expression in Selenium.

storeAlert() command can be used to retrieve the message from the alert pop-up. The value is stored in a variable that can be returned using a System.out.println statement. You can also use assertEquals() to verify this message.

Yes, I agree with my colleague’s statement. Since the concept of a captcha is to ensure that no bots or automated scripts have access to sensitive information, Selenium does not support captcha automation. This is why, redirecting the test execution to the manual testing team is a feasible solution, as suggested by my colleague.

We can use the command getCSSValue(arg0) to fetch the colours by sending the colour as the argument. 

I understand that this scenario requires the tests to be run on a separate machine. Instead of using the WebDriver library and commands, I will use the RemoteWebDriver command to execute these tests. To run a remote WebDriver client, we need to configure it. This can be done by pointing the URL to the address of the remote server to execute the tests. Capabilities can be added to configure the tests further. Here is a sample code:

System.setProperty("Service_name", "selenium_java_client");
System.setProperty("Service_host", "localhost");
System.setProperty("Service_port", "14258");
ImmutableCapabilities = new ImmutableCapabilities("browserName", "chrome");
WebDriver driver=new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("http//sample.com"), capabilities);

There are two causes for this exception. Element in the web page that was a part of the current instance has been refreshed or navigated to another web page.  This causes the element to be destroyed or reconstructed. The second reason is that the element is no longer attached to the DOM. These are the breakthroughs that I will provide my team members with to solve this issue:

• You can try refreshing the webpage using the navigate command.

driver. navigate().refresh()
driver.findElement (By.xpath(“sample”)).click();

• You can use a try-catch block within a for loop if the element is not attached to the DOM

for(int i=0;i<=2;i++)
			{ try { driver.findElement(By.xpath("sample")).click();
				break; }
			Catch (Exception e){
				Sysout(e.getMessage());
						}
			}

• If you are sure that the element will be available, use the ExpectedConditions.refreshed method to avoid the StaleElementReference exception. This method updates the element by redrawing it and providing access to the referenced element.

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.refreshed(ExpectedConditions.stalenessOf("sample")));

Network data capturing is done using an API in the default Selenium class. The response includes headers, status codes, timings, and AJAX requests. An instance, Selenium.start(“captureNetworkTraffic=true”) should be started before launching the application. After reaching a point where network traffic is to be captured, you can fire the method: 

selenium.captureNetworkTraffic("xml");

You can also pass plain or JSON as a parameter to this method.

Your test lead suggests making a change in the navigation commands. How will you handle this situation?

From my observation of the test scripts, I find that the .navigateto() method has been used, which is not advisable in this case. Driver.get commands are perfect for a website that loads slowly, as it waits for the page to get loaded fully and then proceeds to the next steps. However, while using driver.navigateto() method, the driver does not wait for the page to be loaded completely, and many components are loaded yet, which throws the NoSuchElement exception.

The navigate().forward() command takes you forward by one page (previous page) on the browser’s history. This method enables the browser to click on the forward button in the existing browser window.

We can enable a disabled HTML element, be it a button, input field, text area, etc, by changing the attributes using the .removeAttribute(“disabled”) method. Here is a code to enable a text box using the Javascript executor.

String enable ="doc.getElementsByName("name').removeAttribute('disabled');";
javascript.executeScript(enable);

In this case, re-running only the failed test cases would be an optimal solution. With the TestNG class, there are two methods to re-run only the failed test cases.

• In the test output folder, the testng-failed.xml suite file is generated. We can use this to run only the previously failed test cases.
• We can implement the TestNG IRetryAnalyzer interface. This can be done by creating a class ( say RetryAnalyzer) and implementing IRetryAnalyzer. Next, create a class ‘RetryListener’ by implementing an ‘IAnnotationTransformer’ interface, where the transform method is called for every test during the test run. Later, include the mentioned listeners in the testng.xml file.

Primarily, we need to insert the breakpoints where we need to debug and execute the test step by step. Next, run the test case, and we can find that the execution stops at the point where the breakpoint is kept. Click on the run button to continue executing the commands sequentially. 

The commands “ verifyElementPositionLeft”, “verifyElementPositionRight”, “verifyElementPositionTop”, “verifyElementPositionBottom” etc can be used to identify the position of the element with respect to the web page. The commands use pixel comparison to verify the positions.

A series of key-value pairs can be used to store information like the name and version of the browser, paths of browser drivers in the system, etc, to determine the browser’s behaviour at run-time. This feature is called the desired capability. It is highly useful during cross-browser testing or testing across the different OS.

We can use the method isDisplayed() to confirm the presence of the element on the screen. 

Boolean buttonPresence = driver.findElement(by.id("sample").isDisplayed();

There are different datasets, where some passwords entered by the user are secure, so the warning message does not appear on the page. This should not halt the execution of the next steps in the test script. Can we use Assert commands to test this scenario?

No, we cannot use assert commands as it halts the further steps of the execution, in case of an assertion failure. Instead, we can use the verify command in this case. Verify commands, check the conditions if they are true or false, and also all the test phases get executed.

The typeAndWait command can be used when there is a reload event in the software, post a typing action.

The following steps can be done to fix this issue:

• Update the Selenium IE Driver
• Verify that the IE driver and working environment are compatible.
• Configure the IE driver with the setProperty method and import dependencies.
• Set the same value for the ‘Enable Protected Mode’ option for all zones from the Security tab
• Turn off the internet security settings in IE when running the script
• Use CSS Selectors to minimize exceptions
• Set a registry entry
• Avoid declaring the driver instance as static for running scripts on browsers parallelly.
• Use the latest Selenium jars
• Enable Javascript on the IE browser.
• Try using JavaScriptExecutor instead of a native click when clicking elements.

An immediate child in XPath is indicated using “/”. To find paragraph elements that are descendants to any div element. We can use “//” in the XPath.

We can use the TakeScreenshot function to capture the screenshot and getScreenshotAs() command to save the screenshot. 

Conclusion

In this article, we observe that many Selenium-based interview questions for 5+ years of experienced people are related to troubleshooting, using the right wait commands, exploring different options to verify a test case etc, generating reports etc. the Selenium scenario-based interview questions are mostly asked to test your prowess with the tool all these years. Dive into your practical knowledge of Selenium and practice various tricky scenarios to grab that job offer!

Useful Resources

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